Step 1: Thoroughly wash the lime. Trim off both ends of the lime. Cut the lime in half lengthwise, then cut each half into 4-5 wedges, removing any tough white pith from the center.
Step 2: Place the lime wedges (typically 4-5) into a sturdy old-fashioned glass. Add the granulated sugar over the limes.
Step 3: Using a muddler, gently but firmly press and twist the limes and sugar together. The goal is to extract the juice and aromatic oils from the lime peels without completely pulverizing them.
Step 4: Pour the 2 ounces of cachaça over the muddled limes and sugar.
Step 5: Fill the glass generously with crushed ice.
Step 6: Using a bar spoon, stir the mixture vigorously for about 15-20 seconds to ensure the sugar fully dissolves and all the flavors are well integrated and chilled.
Step 7: Garnish with an extra lime wedge or wheel and serve immediately. Enjoy your authentic Caipirinha!